Hetzner is a German hoster that sells virtual servers with very affordable prices.

netcup is a German hoster with affordable prices and multiple location in Europe. They also offer special storage instances.

Contabo is a hoster from Germany with cheap prices and data centers around the world.

Scaleway is a cloud provider with a variety of services. Besides the public cloud called Scaleway Elements, they also offer dedicated servers and even renting racks in data centers.

The public cloud Scaleway Elements offers all the important components of a general cloud provider. There are virtual servers, an object storage service that is S3 compatible, DNS and VPC. They also offer some managed services like managed kubernetes or managed databases. The managed databases available are MySQL and PostgreSQL.

OVHcloud is a public cloud provider from france with a wide range of services. It offers the classic services such as virtual servers for different applications, object storage, managed databases and managed kubernetes.

OVHcloud is also based on OpenStack and offers the possibility to configure the services via the OpenStack CLI.

UpCloud is a cloud computing platform with servers around the world. They offer typical services like virtual servers, VPC, managed databases and object storage. The block storage can be upgraded to achieve higher read and write speeds (IOPS), which can be useful for databases or other memory-intensive applications.

Exoscale is a cloud computing platform from Switzerland with several server locations within Europe. It offers virtual servers, object storage (S3 compatible), managed kubernetes, managed databases, DNS and CDN. The managed database service offers Apache Kafka and Redis in addition to the commonly offered MySQL and PostgreSQL. The virtual servers are available in different strengths and specializations such as CPU, memory, storage optimized. In addition, own GPU instances are offered, which can be used for GPU intensive computations.

On the subject of API key permissions, API keys can be created that can be restricted to individual service groups such as "Compute". For the object storage service, it can even be restricted at bucket level.

The company is owned by A1, one of the largest Austrian communication providers.

Fuga Cloud is a cloud platform from the Netherlands. It offers virtual servers in many different sizes and also GPU and memory optimized instances. It is possible to attach block storage to the instances. Fuga Cloud also offers object storage (more about Fuga Cloud Object Store here), load balancers, managed kubernetes and DNS. Fuga Cloud is also based on OpenStack and offers the possibility to configure the services via the OpenStack CLI. Using a open source platform can reduce the vendor lock-in of cloud providers.

Open Telekom Cloud is a cloud computing platform by the German telecommunications company Deutsche Telekom AG. The cloud provider is based on OpenStack which is open source and can reduce the vendor lock-in of cloud providers.

STACKIT is a cloud computing platform by the German retail group Schwarz Group. They offers managed services like object storage, kubernetes, block storage and databases. Besides the often offered managed services MySQL and Postgres, STACKIT also offers managed Redis, MongoDB, RabbitMQ and ELK (Elasticsearch, Logstash and Kibana). STACKIT currently operates two data centers, one in Germany and one in Austria.