/e/OS is an open-source mobile operating system based on Android, with a focus on privacy and user control. It is developed by the /e/foundation organization and is the default operating system for Murena smartphones, both of which are closely linked and share the same founder. Although /e/OS is based on Android, it is shipped without Google apps and services. Since many Android apps rely on Google Services in the background, /e/OS uses the open-source microG to emulate the Google API. This allows most Android apps to work seamlessly. /e/OS can be installed on over 200 Android smartphones from well-known manufacturers.
European alternatives to Android
Android is a widely used, open-source operating system for smartphones and tablets, but it is heavily dependent on Google’s proprietary services (e.g., Google Play Services). Some of the listed European alternatives are based on Android but offer their own services and customizations.
This pages lists European Android alternatives from companies based in a member state of the European Union (EU) or the European Free Trade Association (EFTA).
iodéOS is a mobile operating system developed by the French company iodé technologies, based near Toulouse. It is a fork of LineageOS that removes Google's services and replaces them with the open-source microG framework, so most Android apps continue to work without sending data to Google. The system includes a built-in blocker that filters trackers, advertisers, and spam calls at the network level, with per-app controls over which connections are allowed. iodéOS ships with a set of privacy-oriented default apps and the ioDroid app store, and every preinstalled app can be removed. iodé sells new and refurbished phones and tablets with iodéOS preinstalled through its own shop, and the system can also be installed on more than 60 additional Android devices from other manufacturers. The source code is published on iodé's own GitLab instance under an open-source license.
Sailfish OS is an open-source operating system for smartphones, built on Linux. Developed by the Finnish company Jolla, it includes a proprietary layer to run Android applications. It is used on Jolla’s own devices as well as on hardware from other vendors through community ports.